ElasticChain

organic cotton goods

2006-10-30T11:50:00.000-08:00

Liv organic cotton goods are soft luxurious nad affordable and they have a huge range of organic clothing.

Rysbrack, John Michael

2005-04-04T17:48:00.000-07:00

Rysbrack worked in a classical, sometimes eclectic

Nachtigal, Gustav

2005-04-03T10:01:00.000-07:00

Explorer of the Sahara who helped Germany obtain protectorates in western equatorial Africa. After spending several years as a military surgeon, he went to Tunisia as physician to the bey (ruler) and took part in several expeditions to the interior. In 1869 the king of Prussia, William I, sent him on a mission

Yarim

2005-04-01T04:40:00.000-08:00

Town, southwestern Yemen. It lies in the heart of the Yemen Highlands, on an upland plateau dominated by the massif of nearby Mount Sumarah, which rises to about 10,000 feet (3,000 m) above sea level. In antiquity the Yarim area was the core of the state of Himyar, which ruled over much of southern Arabia from about 115 BC to about AD 575; the Himyarite capital of Zafar (q.v.) was about 9 miles (15 km) south of Yarim. The

Lebed, Aleksandr Ivanovich

2005-03-30T09:57:00.000-08:00

On June, 18, 1996, after Aleksandr Lebed had run a strong third in the first round of the Russian presidential elections, Pres. Boris Yeltsin appointed him to be secretary of the Security Council and national security adviser. Lebed appeared to strengthen his position in the government when he later negotiated a cease-fire in Chechnya. By year's end the ambitious retired general,

Daniel, The Book Of

2005-03-30T06:28:00.000-08:00

Also called The Prophecy Of Daniel, a book of the Old Testament found in the Ketuvim (Writings), the third section of the Jewish canon, but placed among the Prophets in the Christian canon. The first half of the book (chapters 1–6) contains stories in the third person about the experiences of Daniel and his friends under Kings Nebuchadrezzar II, Belshazzar, Darius I, and Cyrus II; the second half, written mostly

Solar Deity

2005-03-29T14:38:00.000-08:00

God or goddess conceived of as sovereign, steady, and all-seeing, often identified with the supreme deity of a culture or with the king or ruler. See sun worship.

Consciousness

2005-03-28T09:15:00.000-08:00

A psychological condition defined by the English philosopher John Locke as “the perception of what passes in a man's own mind.”

Interior Design, Classic movement after the Revolution, 17851835

2005-03-27T15:39:00.000-08:00

Even after the American Revolution, English decorative influence predominated in the United States, in spite of greatly increased contacts with French thought and ideas. Although many leaders like Thomas Jefferson wished to see a complete break with English traditions, the Georgian forms of colonial days persisted in common usage till 1800 or after. By 1785, however, the

Minas Basin

2005-03-26T01:46:00.000-08:00

Eastern inlet of the Bay of Fundy, protruding into central Nova Scotia, Canada. Up to 25 mi (40 km) in width and more than 50 mi in length (including its eastern extension, Cobequid Bay), the basin has some of the highest tides in the world; fluctuations exceeding 50 ft (15 m) have been recorded. It is connected to the Bay of Fundy by Minas Channel and receives the drainage of the Avon, Cornwallis,

Vigevano

2005-03-25T19:56:00.000-08:00

Industry has grown

Aquinas, Thomas, Saint

2005-03-24T09:44:00.000-08:00

The biography of Thomas Aquinas is one of extreme simplicity; it chronicles little but some modest travel during a career devoted entirely to university life: at Paris, the Roman Curia, Paris again, and Naples. It would be a mistake, however, to judge that his life was merely the quiet life of a professional teacher untouched by the social and political affairs of his

Turkey, Foreign affairs since 1950

2005-03-23T15:06:00.000-08:00

Until the 1960s, Turkish foreign policy was wholly based on close relations with the West, particularly the friendship of the United States. Turkey sent troops to Korea and joined NATO (1952) and the Baghdad Pact (1955). This Western-oriented policy derived from fear of the Soviet Union, dependence on U.S. military and economic aid, and Turkey's desire to be accepted as a secular, democratic,

Saracen

2005-03-23T06:14:00.000-08:00

In the Middle Ages, any person—Arab, Turk, or other—who professed the religion of Islam. Earlier in the Roman world, there had been references to Saracens (Greek: Sarakenoi) by late classical authors in the first three centuries AD, the term being then applied to an Arab tribe living in the Sinai Peninsula. In the following centuries the use of the term

Sara Lee Corporation

2005-03-21T20:52:00.000-08:00

The company was incorporated in 1941 as the South Street Company and went through several name changes before it adopted the name Consolidated Grocers Corporation in 1945 and Consolidated Foods Corporation

France, History Of, Economic life

2005-03-21T09:16:00.000-08:00

Agriculture was the principal economic activity, and during the entire Frankish age the great estate, inherited from antiquity, remained the predominant characteristic of rural life. These estates were the residence and principal source of income of the aristocracy. The estates appear to have long been placed under cultivation by servile labour, which was abundant

Salamanca

2005-03-19T23:35:00.000-08:00

Provincia, in the comunidad autónoma (“autonomous community”) of Castile-León, western Spain. Salamanca is bounded by Portugal (west) and the provinces of Zamora and Valladolid (north), Ávila (east), and Cáceres (south); its northwestern boundary with Portugal is marked by the Duero (Portuguese: Douro) River. More than half the province is situated in the Meseta Central, the central

Antarctic Circumpolar Current

2005-03-19T17:16:00.000-08:00

Also called West Wind Drift, surface oceanic current encircling Antarctica and flowing from west to east. Affected by adjacent landmasses, submarine topography, and prevailing winds, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current is irregular in width and course. Its motion is further complicated by continuous exchange with other water masses at all depths. The volume of transport south of latitude

Resonator

2005-03-19T16:06:00.000-08:00

Acoustical device for reinforcing sound, as the sounding board of a piano, the “belly” of a stringed instrument, the air mass of an organ pipe, and the throat, nose, and mouth cavities of a vocal animal. In addition to augmenting acoustic power, resonators may also, by altering relative intensities of overtones, change the quality of a tone. See also soundboard. The Helmholtz

Fabales

2005-03-17T00:23:00.000-08:00

The Fabales include trees, herbaceous or woody vines, and perennial or annual herbs. The leaves are usually compound—that is, they are divided into leaflets, and in some the leaflets are secondarily compound. The simple leaves of some are presumably reduced from the compound forms. The most striking of these modified leaf forms are the several hundred species of Australian

Karajan, Herbert Von

2005-03-16T02:22:00.000-08:00

A child prodigy on the piano, Karajan studied at the Mozarteum in Salzburg. He made his professional conducting debut in 1929 at Salzburg, and he was appointed to a conducting position in Ulm, Ger., later that year. He remained

Botha, P(ieter) W(illem)

2005-03-16T01:57:00.000-08:00

A native of the Orange Free State, he studied law at the University of Orange Free State at Bloemfontein from 1932 to 1935 but left without graduating. Already active in politics in his teens, he moved to Cape Province at age 20 to become a full-time organizer for the National Party. He was

Görres, Joseph Von

2005-03-15T02:08:00.000-08:00

Görres was sympathetic to the ideals of the French Revolution and published a republican journal, Das rote Blatt (“The Red Page”; renamed Rübezahl), in 1799. After an unsuccessful visit to Paris in 1799 as a political

Uttlesford

2005-03-15T01:21:00.000-08:00

District, administrative and historic county of Essex, England. It occupies the northwestern corner of the county, where it borders Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire. A low ridge of chalk hills runs from southwest to northeast through a rolling countryside. The district is largely rural. The main town is Saffron Walden; there are also many smaller old parishes, such

Rosidae, The order Proteales

2005-03-14T11:51:00.000-08:00

The Proteales consists of two families, Elaeagnaceae and Proteaceae, although this might not be a natural affiliation. The Proteaceae is composed of about 75 genera and more than 1,000 species distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions of the world, especially in South Africa and Australia. They are evergreen woody plants that thrive in nutrient-poor soils

Blobel, Günter

2005-03-13T15:59:00.000-08:00

Blobel received a medical degree at Eberhard-Karl University of Tübingen, Germany, in 1960 and in 1967 earned a Ph.D. in

Bourbon, Pierre Ii, 7e Duc De (7th Duke Of)

2005-03-12T05:34:00.000-08:00

Louis XI of France espoused his eldest daughter, Anne of France (q.v.), to Pierre de Beaujeu in 1474 and, on his deathbed, entrusted to Pierre the charge of his 13-year-old son, Charles VIII. Thus, from 1483 to the end of 1491, Beaujeu and Anne were to exercise a virtual regency in France. Faced with the reaction of all who had suffered

Paer, Ferdinando

2005-03-12T05:04:00.000-08:00

Paer produced his first opera, Orphée et Euridice, in Parma in 1791. From 1797 to 1802 he was in Vienna, where his most successful opera, Camilla, was produced in 1799. He was in Dresden from 1802 to 1806 and then went

Semitic Languages

2005-03-11T05:03:00.000-08:00

Group of languages spoken in northern Africa and the Middle East that constitutes one of the branches of the Afro-Asiatic (formerly Hamito-Semitic) language family. (The other branches are Egyptian, Berber, Cushitic, and Chadic.) The Semitic languages are divided into four groups: (1) Northern Peripheral, or Northeastern, with only one language, ancient Akkadian; (2) Northern

Laos, Flag Of

2005-03-10T19:38:00.000-08:00

In 1353 King Fa Ngum proclaimed the “Kingdom of the Million Elephants and White Parasol,” basing the name on those traditional symbols of the Lao people. The mythical first ruler of Laos had arrived riding a white elephant, an animal held in great reverence by peoples of Southeast Asia, while the parasol, or royal umbrella, long served as an important part of the king's ceremonial

Bevin, Ernest

2005-03-10T00:12:00.000-08:00

Bevin was reared in a poor family and left school at the

Baseball, Women in baseball

2005-03-09T20:53:00.000-08:00

Women have played organized baseball since the 1860s. Students at the all-female Vassar College formed baseball teams as early as 1866. In 1875 three men organized a women's baseball club in Springfield, Illinois, divided it into two teams, the Blondes and the Brunettes, and charged admission to see them play. In the early 20th century, barnstorming teams known as “Bloomer Girls” were

Adams, John, Adams's writings

2005-03-09T09:20:00.000-08:00

Other pieces of the massive Adams correspondence include: Charles Francis Adams (ed.), Letters of John Adams, Addressed to His Wife, 2 vol. (1841, reissued 1965); Alexander Biddle et al., Old Family Letters, 2 vol. (1892); Worthington Chauncey Ford (ed.), Statesman and Friend: Correspondence of John Adams with Benjamin Waterhouse, 1784–1822 (1927); Lester J. Cappon (ed.), The Adams-Jefferson Letters, 2 vol. (1959, reprinted in 1 vol., 1988); John A. Schutz and Douglass Adair (eds.), The Spur of Fame: Dialogues of John Adams and Benjamin Rush, 1805–1813 (1966, reissued 1980).

Miticide

2005-03-08T16:38:00.000-08:00

Also called Acaricide, any chemical substance used to control mites or ticks (especially species that damage ornamental or food plants), which are not susceptible to commonly used insecticides. Azobenzene, dicofol, ovex, and tetradifon are commonly used miticides. Many miticides kill eggs and larval stages as well as adult animals. Some are also toxic to honeybees and other beneficial

Dagestan

2005-03-07T18:41:00.000-08:00

Dagestan can be divided into five physical regions. The first, occupying most of the southern half of the republic, consists of the Caucasus Mountains, there at their widest.

Italian East Africa

2005-03-06T21:37:00.000-08:00

Italian Africa Orientale Italiana, group of Italian possessions in East Africa in the period 1936–41. It comprised Ethiopia (annexed by Italy on May 9, 1936, and was proclaimed a part of Italian East Africa that June 1) together with the Italian colonies of Eritrea, now part of Ethiopia, and Italian Somaliland, now part of the Somali Democratic Republic. Italy's king, Victor Emmanuel III, was named emperor. British forces

Aryballos

2005-03-06T19:34:00.000-08:00

Small, narrow-necked, spherical or globular Greek vase. Commonly used as a scent or oil bottle, particularly by athletes at the baths, the aryballos derives from the globular wine pourer (oinochoe) of the Geometric style (9th century BC), evolving its distinctive shape in the early Proto-Corinthian style (8th century BC). From the many aryballoi that have been found dating from

Wage And Salary

2005-03-05T14:51:00.000-08:00

Analyses of economic distribution appear in David Ricardo, Principles of Political Economy and Taxation (1817, reissued 1981), the classical subsistence theory of wages; Karl Marx, Capital, vol. 1 (1886; originally published in German, 1867), also available in many later editions, treating the process of distribution as pure conflict; John Bates Clark, Distribution of Wealth (1899, reissued 1965), the classic work on marginal productivity theory whereby distribution is viewed as a harmonious process in which the factors of production receive as income what they contribute to the product; Frank H. Knight, Risk, Uncertainty, and Profit (1921, reprinted 1985), an analysis of profits viewed as a result of imperfect foresight and as a remuneration for risk-bearing; Joseph Schumpeter, The Theory of Economic Development (1934, reprinted 1987; originally published in German, 1912), an analysis of economic development as a result of the innovations of entrepreneurs motivated by profit; Paul H. Douglas, The Theory of Wages (1934, reissued 1964), marginalist theory based on statistical research which sets forth the famous Cobb–Douglas function; K.J. Arrow et al., “Capital–Labor Substitution and Economic Efficiency,” The Review of Economics and Statistics, 43:225–250 (1961), an econometric study explaining the falling share of capital in the national income by the elasticity of substitution; J.R. Hicks, The Theory of Wages, 2nd ed. (1963, reissued 1973), a sophisticated treatment of marginal productivity theory; and Nicholas Kaldor, “Alternative Theories of Distribution,” in his Essays on Value and Distribution, 2nd ed. (1980), a discussion of various theories from Ricardo to Keynes. Dan Usher, The Economic Prerequisite to Democracy (1981), suggests that democracy requires broad agreement on how an economic system will distribute wealth. Other works in this area are Alan S. Blinder, Toward an Economic Theory of Income Distribution (1974); and Ronald G. Ehrenberg and Robert S. Smith, Modern Labor Economics: Theory and Public Policy, 5th ed. (1994).

Trickster Tale

2005-03-05T07:00:00.000-08:00

In oral traditions worldwide, an anecdote of deceit, magic, and violence perpetrated by an animal-human with special or magical powers. Usually grouped in cycles, these tales feature a trickster-hero who within a single society may be regarded as both creator god and innocent fool, evil destroyer and childlike prankster. In psychological terms, the trickster may

Wild Bunch

2005-03-04T09:48:00.000-08:00

A collection of cowboy-outlaws who flourished in the 1880s and '90s in Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and surrounding states and territories. Their chief hideouts were Hole in the Wall, a nearly inaccessible grassy canyon and rocky retreat in north-central Wyoming; Brown's Hole (now Brown's Park), a hidden valley of the Green River, near the intersection of the borders of Wyoming, Colorado,

Mabillon, Jean

2005-03-03T02:45:00.000-08:00

T. Ruinart, Abrégé de la vie de D.J.M. (1709), reprinted in 1933 as Mabillon; Henri Leclercq, Life, 2 vol. (1953–57); J.U. Bergkamp, Dom Jean Mabillon and the Benedictine Historical School of Saint-Maur (1928).

Mitford, Mary Russell

2005-03-02T18:34:00.000-08:00

She was the only daughter of George Mitford, a dashing, irresponsible character whose extravagance compelled the family, in 1820, to leave their house in Reading (built when Mary, at the age of 10, won £20,000 in a lottery)

Pyx

2005-03-02T18:13:00.000-08:00

In Christianity, vessel containing the consecrated bread used in the service of Holy Communion. Although pyxes were made in various shapes, such as that of a dove, the most common form was that of a small, cylindrical box fitted with a cover, which is generally conical. An English pyx dating from the first half of the 14th century, known as the Godsfield Pyx, is of gilt bronze

Baccarat

2005-03-01T16:19:00.000-08:00

The game is played with three to six 52-card decks shuffled together. Cards are dealt from a dealing box called a “shoe.” Players aim for a count of 9, or as

West Seneca

2005-02-28T18:29:00.000-08:00

Town (township), Erie county, western New York, U.S. It lies immediately southeast of Buffalo, in the lee of Lake Erie. It was settled in 1842 by the Ebenezer Society Amana colonies, a German religious sect that purchased 5,000 acres (2,000 hectares) of the Seneca Indian Reservation. The town, organized as Seneca in 1851, was renamed in 1852 to avoid confusion with another Seneca farther east. Between

Sea Kale

2005-02-28T01:30:00.000-08:00

(Crambe maritima), cabbagelike perennial plant of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), native to seashores and cliffs of Eurasia. Young or blanched leaves are cooked and eaten. The waxy, blue-green, coarsely toothed leaves are 30–90 cm (1–3 feet) long. Honey-fragrant, clustered sprays of white, four-petaled flowers rise from the basal leaves.

Mauchline

2005-02-27T15:41:00.000-08:00

Village, situated near the River Ayr in East Ayrshire council area, historic county of Ayrshire, Scotland, and closely associated with the Scottish national poet, Robert Burns. It is the site of the Burns National Memorial. Mauchline has many links with the poet, who lived with his brother Gilbert at nearby Mossgiel from 1784 to 1788. In Castle Street stands a house, now a museum,

Zamoyski Family

2005-02-27T13:36:00.000-08:00

The family settled in the 15th century at Laznin in the Mazovia area of Poland. Tomasz Lazninski bought an estate there called Zamosc, and his sons Florian (died 1510) and Maciej began to use the name Zamoyski. Florian's grandson Stanislaw was the first member of the family to serve as a

Adzopé

2005-02-26T01:54:00.000-08:00

Town, southeastern Côte d'Ivoire. A traditional market centre for the Attié people, it sends coffee, bananas, cocoa, and timber (mahogany, sipo) to Abidjan, 55 miles (89 km) south, for export. Adzopé is the site of Roman Catholic and Protestant missions, a government agricultural-training institute (1964), a leprosy hospital, and a model housing project. Pop. (1975) 21,147; (1988) 35,085.

Novato

2005-02-25T08:02:00.000-08:00

City, Marin county, western California, U.S. It lies along Novato Creek, between San Pablo Bay (east) and Point Reyes National Seashore (west). The original site was partly on the Rancho de Novato, an 1839 Mexican land grant that occupied most of the Canada de Novato (a valley probably named for a Christianized Indian chief). Francis C. DeLong acquired the land and founded the community

Azeglio, Massimo Taparelli, Marquess (marchese) D'

2005-02-24T22:15:00.000-08:00

After spending his youth dedicated to painting

Amberg

2005-02-23T20:59:00.000-08:00

City, Bayern Land (Bavaria state), southeastern Germany, on the Vils River, in the foothills of the Franconian Jura and Bayernwald (Bavarian Forest), southeast of Nürnberg. First mentioned in 1034, it was a court town with considerable trade (in iron and tinplate) and industry in the 14th–16th century. The ducal residence (until 1621) and the capital (until 1810) of the Upper Palatinate, it had many

Paulinus Of Nola, Saint

2005-02-23T11:20:00.000-08:00

Paulinus became successively a Roman senator, consul, and governor of Campania, a region of southern Italy. Returning to Aquitaine he married and in 389 retired with his wife to Spain. The death of their only child, in 392, influenced

Faysal Ii

2005-02-23T06:42:00.000-08:00

Faysal II, the grandson of Faysal I and great-grandson of Husayn ibn 'Ali, former sharif of Mecca and king of the Hejaz, became king of Iraq following the untimely death of his father, King Ghazi. Because Faysal was only four years old, his maternal uncle 'Abd al-Ilah became regent. In April 1941, when the nationalist prime

Chan Painting

2005-02-21T23:54:00.000-08:00

Wade-Giles romanization Ch'an school of Chinese painting inspired by the “meditative” school of Buddhism called, in Chinese, Chan (Japanese: Zen). Although Chan originated in China with an Indian monk, Bodhidharma, it came to be the most Chinese of Buddhist schools. The ideals of the school later frequently found expression in a special kind of art, typically composed

Nicholas I

2005-02-21T19:55:00.000-08:00

Heir presumptive to his uncle Danilo II, who was childless, Nicholas came to the throne in August 1860 after Danilo's assassination. Educated abroad in Paris and Trieste, he was throughout his reign faced with

Maastrichtian Stage

2005-02-20T17:13:00.000-08:00

Also spelled Maestrichtian, uppermost of six main divisions in the Upper Cretaceous Series, representing all those rocks on a global basis deposited during the Maastrichtian Age (74.5 to 66.4 million years ago). The stage's name is derived from the city of Maastricht in the southeastern Netherlands, whose surrounding area serves as the classic type district for rocks of this age. The Maastrichtian Stage

Bioelectricity

2005-02-19T19:38:00.000-08:00

Bioelectric effects were known in ancient times from

Sanniquellie

2005-02-19T09:21:00.000-08:00

Also called Sangbui, Sanokole, or Sanokwele, town, north-central Liberia, located at the intersection of roads from Monrovia and Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast). A rural administrative centre among the Mano and Malinke (Mandingo), Sanniquellie has secondary schools and the George W. Harley Memorial Hospital. There is local trade in agricultural products (rice, cassava, palm oil and kernels) and ivory carvings. Diamond

Calamity Jane

2005-02-18T18:18:00.000-08:00

She allegedly moved westward on a wagon train when still quite young—her mother dying en

Traill, Thomas Stewart

2005-02-17T08:39:00.000-08:00

Traill graduated from the University of Edinburgh (1802) and for 30 years practiced medicine in Liverpool, where he helped to found, and was secretary of, the Literary and Philosophical

Aschelminth, Size range and diversity of structure

2005-02-17T05:14:00.000-08:00

The five classes of aschelminths are of different sizes and varying importance. The nematodes are by far the largest group, with 13,000 to 14,000 named species and many times that number undescribed. Most of the described species are parasites of human beings, domestic animals, or cultivated plants and are therefore of great importance in medicine and agriculture. Typically,

San Antonio Zoological Gardens And Aquarium

2005-02-16T05:43:00.000-08:00

One of the largest animal collections in the southwestern United States, located in San Antonio, Texas. Founded in 1914, the zoo and accompanying aquarium are operated by the San Antonio Zoological Society and occupy a 35-acre (14-hectare) site with natural springs and rock cliffs. More than 3,500 specimens of approximately 750 terrestrial and aquatic species are bred and exhibited.

Deva

2005-02-15T18:25:00.000-08:00

Iranian Daeva in Vedic India, one of many divine powers, roughly divided on the basis of their identification with the forces of nature into sky, air, and earth divinities (e.g., Varuna, Indra, Soma). In the later monotheistic systems the devas became subordinate to the one supreme being. During the Vedic period the gods were divided into two classes, the devas and the asuras (in Iranian, daeva

Udall, Nicholas

2005-02-15T02:18:00.000-08:00

Udall was educated at the University of Oxford, where he became a lecturer and fellow. He became a schoolmaster in 1529 and was teaching in London in 1533 when he wrote “ditties and interludes” for Anne

Széchenyi, István, Count

2005-02-14T15:33:00.000-08:00

Born into an old, aristocratic Hungarian family, Széchenyi fought against Napoleon I and thereafter traveled extensively in Europe.

Nagurski, Bronko

2005-02-13T20:56:00.000-08:00

Nagurski played tackle and end on defense and fullback on offense at the University of Minnesota

Likoma Island

2005-02-12T21:01:00.000-08:00

Island in Lake Nyasa, Malawi, just northwest of Cóbuè, Mozambique. Located near the lake's eastern shore, the rocky and barren island has an area of 7 square miles (18 square km). There is some fishing and limited cultivation of grain; cassava and corn (maize) are imported. The Universities' Mission to Central Africa (Church of England) established a station there in 1885 as a base for

France, History Of, The people

2005-02-12T04:04:00.000-08:00

Gaul was predominantly a Celtic land (see below), but it also contained pre-Celtic Ligurians and Iberians in the south and southwest and more recent Germanic immigrants in the northeast. Neighbouring Celtic communities on the Danube and in northern Italy, however, were not included. The south, in addition, had been heavily influenced by the Greek colony of Massilia

Mu Gia Pass

2005-02-10T22:49:00.000-08:00

Vietnamese Deo Mugia, mountain pass in the Annamese Cordillera (Chaîne Annamitique) between northern Vietnam and Laos, 55 miles (90 km) northwest of Dong Hoi, Vietnam. The pass lies 1,371 feet (418 m) above sea level and carries the road from Tan Ap in Vietnam to Muang Khammouan (formerly called Thakhek) in Laos, on the Mekong River. The strategic pass was the principal point of entry of the Ho Chi Minh Trail access

Lake, Simon

2005-02-10T02:37:00.000-08:00

Lake's first experimental submarine, the “Argonaut, Jr.,” built in 1894, had a wooden hull and was about 14 feet (4 metres) long. It travelled the sea bottom on wheels turned by hand. The “Argonaut,” built in 1897, was 36 feet (11 metres) long and was powered by

Endocrine System, Human, Hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome)

2005-02-10T00:45:00.000-08:00

In 1955, an American internist, Jerome Conn, described a form of high blood pressure associated with hypokalemia and reduced acidity of the blood (alkalosis) in patients who harboured a benign tumour of adrenal glomerulosa cells. These patients were found to have high levels of aldosterone in the circulation, and for most the hypertension and hypokalemia disappeared

Newman, Arnold

2005-02-08T11:48:00.000-08:00

Newman studied art at the University of Miami in Florida from 1936 to 1938 and then took a job as an assistant in a photography

Water Softener

2005-02-08T09:49:00.000-08:00

Device for removing calcium and magnesium from water; water so treated will not form insoluble scale in pipes and tanks and will not form a precipitate with soaps or interfere with other cleaners. Water softeners usually consist of zeolite or an ion-exchange resin (q.v.) in a tank connected directly into the water system. The zeolite or resin contains sodium ions that

Dandruff

2005-02-08T07:52:00.000-08:00

Skin disorder, a form of seborrheic dermatitis (q.v.) that affects the scalp.

Swamp Deer

2005-02-07T19:43:00.000-08:00

Common name for the barasingha (q.v.) of India and for the marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus), a large reddish brown deer of South American marshes.

Pacific Islands, Changing administrations

2005-02-07T07:51:00.000-08:00

Two United Nations trust territories were the first to achieve sovereignty as independent nations—Western Samoa (now Samoa) in 1962 and Nauru in 1968. The first continued to rely on New Zealand in foreign affairs, while Nauru ended its trusteeship ties with Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. New Zealand, a Commonwealth member with a self-conscious Maori Polynesian

Thompson, Sir John (sparrow David)

2005-02-06T04:43:00.000-08:00

Thompson was called to the bar in Nova Scotia in 1865 and appointed queen's counsellor in 1879. He entered politics in 1877 as Liberal-Conservative member for Antigonish in the provincial legislature, becoming attorney general in 1878; he became

English Literature, Influence of French poetry

2005-02-05T20:34:00.000-08:00

By the end of the 12th century English poetry had been so heavily influenced by French models that such a work as the long epic Brut (c. 1200) by Lawamon, a Worcestershire priest, seems archaic for mixing alliterative lines with rhyming couplets while generally eschewing French vocabulary. The Brut mainly draws upon Wace's Anglo-Norman Roman de Brut (1155; based in turn upon Geoffrey

Heimlich Maneuver

2005-02-05T00:54:00.000-08:00

Emergency procedure that is used to dislodge foreign bodies from the throats of choking victims. In the early 1970s, the American surgeon Henry J. Heimlich observed that food and other objects causing choking were not freed by the recommended technique of delivering sharp blows to the back. As an alternative, he devised a method of using air expelled from the victim's

Pacific Ocean, Physical environment

2005-02-04T09:50:00.000-08:00

Otis W. Freeman, Geography of the Pacific (1951), surveys the physical features of the ocean; and Alan E.M. Nairn and Francis G. Stehli (eds.), The Ocean Basins and Margins, vol. 7, The Pacific Ocean, 2 vol. (1985–88), is comprehensive and highly detailed. Zvi Ben-Avraham (ed.), The Evolution of the Pacific Ocean Margins (1989); and H.W. Menard, Marine Geology of the Pacific (1964), explore marine geology and geophysics. See also Bruno Wauthy, Physical Ocean Environment in the South Pacific Commission Area (1986), a short but valuable summary of the oceanography of the central and South Pacific, prepared as a regional report under the United Nations Environment Programme.

Graf Spee

2005-02-03T18:28:00.000-08:00

After sinking several merchant ships in the Atlantic, the Graf Spee was sighted on Dec. 13, 1939, off the Río de la Plata estuary by a British search group consisting of the cruisers Exeter, Ajax, and Achilles, commanded by

Meta River

2005-02-03T13:24:00.000-08:00

Major tributary of the Orinoco in eastern Colombia and western Venezuela. Formed in Meta department, Colombia, by the junction of the Upía and Guayuriba rivers, which descend from the eastern slopes of the Cordillera Oriental of the Andes, the Meta meanders east-northeastward across the Llanos (plains) of northern South America. At Nueva Antioquia, Colom., the river

Abydos

2005-02-02T16:57:00.000-08:00

The history of Abydos is intimately associated with the political and religious development of Egypt

Tea Act

2005-02-01T17:58:00.000-08:00

(1773), in British American colonial history, legislative maneuver by the British ministry of Lord North to make English tea marketable in America. A previous crisis had been averted in 1770 when all the Townshend Acts (q.v.) duties had been lifted except that on tea, which had been mainly supplied to the Colonies since then by Dutch smugglers. In an effort to help the financially

Carrick On Suir

2005-02-01T06:41:00.000-08:00

Irish Carraig Na Siúire town, County Tipperary, Ireland, on the River Suir. Located beside the foothills of the Comeraghs and having steep, narrow streets, it is connected with its southern suburb Carrickbeg, in County Waterford, by two bridges across the Suir. Ormonde Castle, begun in 1309, was the seat of the Butlers, the dukes of Ormonde. Anne Boleyn, mother of Elizabeth I of England, is said to have

Yablochkov, Pavel Nikolayevich

2005-01-31T23:01:00.000-08:00

In 1871 Yablochkov was appointed director of the telegraph lines between Moscow

West Des Moines

2005-01-30T23:13:00.000-08:00

City and suburb of Des Moines (which lies immediately to the east), Polk county, central Iowa, U.S. The area was settled in the 1840s and became an important rail junction in the 1850s called Valley Junction. James Cunningham Jordan, the town's first settler, operated a station on the Underground Railroad assisting fugitive slaves; his Victorian-style house (c. 1850) is preserved and is

Andaman And Nicobar Islands, History

2005-01-30T14:37:00.000-08:00

Located on the trade routes from India to East Asia, the Andamans have been known from earliest times. The 7th-century Chinese Buddhist monk I-ching, the Arab travelers of the 9th century, and Marco Polo are among those who mention the islands. The name Andaman most likely comes from the Malay Handuman, derived from the monkey god of Hindu mythology, Hanuman. Writings of later

Aquinas, Thomas, Saint

2005-01-29T10:15:00.000-08:00

Cloud

2005-01-28T14:54:00.000-08:00

Clouds are formed when relatively moist air rises. As a mass of air ascends, the lower pressures prevailing at higher levels allow it to expand. In expanding, the

Agri

2005-01-28T14:11:00.000-08:00

Agri is named after Mount Ararat (Turkish: Agri Dagi), situated to the east near the frontier with Iran.

Powers, Francis Gary

2005-01-27T20:47:00.000-08:00

Powers was tried and convicted of espionage and was sentenced to 10 years in prison. He was released

Hohe Tauern

2005-01-26T08:15:00.000-08:00

Segment of the Eastern Alps in southern Austria, extending for 70 miles (110 km) between the Zillertal Alps and the Italian border (west) and Katschberg Pass (east). Within the range lie many lofty peaks, including Grossglockner (q.v.; 12,457 feet [3,797 m]), the highest point in Austria. The range is crossed by road through the Felber Tauern Tunnel (east of Grossvenediger) and through the Hochtor

Biblical Literature, The lawbook

2005-01-25T16:06:00.000-08:00

The laws are the central core and purport of the book of Deuteronomy. They are couched in a hortatory, sermonic style that has led to their being categorized as preached law. Emphatic statements of what must or must not be done are connected with exhortations to fulfill these injunctions, pointing to the motivations and spirit in which they should be carried out. There

Basra

2005-01-25T10:55:00.000-08:00

Basra

Furniture, England

2005-01-24T22:44:00.000-08:00

After the Restoration, from 1660 onward, there was almost revolutionary progress in English cabinetmaking, as it came to be called at about this time. On its return, the exiled court introduced French and Dutch fashions, and the English craftsmen were considerably helped in supplying the tastes of the nobility by a large influx of foreign workmen. Furniture became lighter,

Bulgarian Catholic Church

2005-01-23T03:05:00.000-08:00

Christians since 864, the Bulgarians were conquered by the Byzantines early in the 11th century and followed Constantinople (now Istanbul) in the break with Rome (1054). In 1767, after more than four centuries of Ottoman rule in Bulgaria, which had placed Bulgarian Christians under the direct administration

Keyboard Instrument, Germany

2005-01-23T01:18:00.000-08:00

From 1500 to 1800 Germany led the world in organ building and the composition of organ music. The organ builders reached the peak of their achievement about 1700 in the work of Arp Schnitger. Schnitger made organs with four manuals, pedals, and as many as 60 speaking stops, but he made some instruments with fewer than 30 speaking stops that are capable of dealing with the whole pre-Romantic

Pacific Ocean, Principal ridges and basins

2005-01-22T23:07:00.000-08:00

To the east of 150° W the relief of the ocean floor is considerably less pronounced than it is to the west. In the eastern Pacific the Cocos Ridge extends southwestward from the Central American isthmus to the Galápagos Islands. To the south of the Galápagos lies the Peru Basin, which is separated by the extensive Sala y Gomez Ridge from the Southeast Pacific Basin, which,

ElasticChain

organic cotton goods

Rysbrack, John Michael

Nachtigal, Gustav

Yarim

Lebed, Aleksandr Ivanovich

Daniel, The Book Of

Solar Deity

Consciousness

Interior Design, Classic movement after the Revolution, 17851835

Minas Basin

Vigevano

Aquinas, Thomas, Saint

Turkey, Foreign affairs since 1950

Saracen

Sara Lee Corporation

France, History Of, Economic life

Salamanca

Antarctic Circumpolar Current

Resonator

Fabales

Karajan, Herbert Von

Botha, P(ieter) W(illem)

Görres, Joseph Von

Uttlesford

Rosidae, The order Proteales

Blobel, Günter

Bourbon, Pierre Ii, 7e Duc De (7th Duke Of)

Paer, Ferdinando

Semitic Languages

Laos, Flag Of

Bevin, Ernest

Baseball, Women in baseball

Adams, John, Adams's writings

Miticide

Dagestan

Italian East Africa

Aryballos

Wage And Salary

Trickster Tale

Wild Bunch

Mabillon, Jean

Mitford, Mary Russell

Pyx

Baccarat

West Seneca

Sea Kale

Mauchline

Zamoyski Family

Adzopé

Novato

Azeglio, Massimo Taparelli, Marquess (marchese) D'

Amberg

Paulinus Of Nola, Saint

Faysal Ii

Chan Painting

Nicholas I

Maastrichtian Stage

Bioelectricity

Sanniquellie

Calamity Jane

Traill, Thomas Stewart

Aschelminth, Size range and diversity of structure

San Antonio Zoological Gardens And Aquarium

Deva

Udall, Nicholas

Széchenyi, István, Count

Nagurski, Bronko

Likoma Island

France, History Of, The people

Mu Gia Pass

Lake, Simon

Endocrine System, Human, Hyperaldosteronism (Conn's syndrome)

Newman, Arnold

Water Softener

Dandruff

Swamp Deer

Pacific Islands, Changing administrations

Thompson, Sir John (sparrow David)

English Literature, Influence of French poetry

Interior Design, Classic movement after the Revolution, 17851835